Calculating-machine.



. Patented nec. 24, |90l.- n.15. Locke. cALcuLATme mAcHme.

(Application :Bled Mar. '20, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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PATENT CLARENCEE. LOCKE, OF IIENSETT, IOWA.

cALCuLATlNc-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 689,680, dated December24, 1901. Applidation l-ed March l20 1900. Serial No. 9.406. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, CLARENOEE. LocKE, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Kensett, in the county of Worth and yState of Iowa,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

-My invention relates to calculatingmachines of that class in which aplurality of independent slides are used, as exemplified by the patentsof S. S. Young, No. 6,602, dated,

July 24, 1849, and Fowler, No. 39,222, dated July 14:, 1863.

The object of my invention is to provide a calculatingf machine of theabove -indicated class which will be simple and durable, which willexhibit the result in such a place that there will be no danger ofconfusion nor any necessity for changing the position of the machine tofind the result, in which a simple mechanism is provided for locking theslides when desired, and in which the slides are distinguished, so astorfacilitate calculations.'

The invention will be fully described hereinafter and the features ofnovelty pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had t0 the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved calculating-machine. Fig.2 is a cross- .section thereof on line 2 2 of Fig. -l, and Fig.

3 is a perspective view of one of the slides or bars. l

The machine comprises a suitable frame or casing A, having a series ofparallel guidebars A', the central portion (about one-third) of which isexposed, while the ends are covered by plates B B, which may be used asa table or support for a sheet of paper, and clips C may be provided tohold the edge of the paper. Adjacenttotheinneredgeofthe plate B theguide-bars A' are provided with openings or cutout vportions A2. Ontheir central exposed portion the guide-bars A are provided with thenumerals 1 to 9 in their regular sequencefrom left to right, the nuvmorals being evenly spaced. In the example shown thereare nineseries ofsuch numerals, and, if desired, every third series may be distinguishedfrom the others, as by dashes between the numerals. The lowermost seriesis for units, the next for tens, the third for hundreds, and s0 on.

Between the guides A are adapted to move the slide-bars D. Each of thesebars is about twice as long as the exposed portion of the guides A andhas on one-half of its front face a series of numerals from O to 9,spaced at the same intervals as the numerals of the stationaryguide-bars A'. When the slidebars D are pushed fully to the right untilthey abut against the end of the casing A, the numerals O of theslide-bars will be Visible through the openings A2, as shown in Fig. l.On its upper surface each of the bars D is provided With eighteenprojections or knobs D', spaced like the numerals on the guide-bars Aand so arranged that when one of the numerals on the slide-bar registerswith the opening A2 the knobs D' register with the numerals of theadjacent guide-bar A. The right half of the upper surface of each bar isdistinguished from the "left half by a different color. For instance,one may be red and the other white., To facilitate the use of themachine, the slide-bars may be distinguished from each other by givingdifferent colors to their projections or knobs D. Thus since the machineis often used for adding dollars and cents the two lower-most bars D mayhave knobs D of one colorfor instance,

black. The next three bars would have knobs of a different color-forinstance, gray. f' Then wouldfollow three bars with knobs of stillanother color, as green, and the knobs of the uppermost bar might bepurple or black. This furnishes a guide for the rapid placing of figuresin the proper numerical series, corre spending to the ruled columns ofan accountl book.

In order to lock the slide-bars to prevent y their being disturbed whena calculation is interrupted, I provide a locking-bar E, eX- tendingtransversely of the slides D and having arms E', by which it is pivotedto the frame A, as at E2. The locking-bar is thus adapted to projectinto the path of the projections D', as shown in Figs. l and 2, but maybe swung back on top of the plate B, so as to allow the slides to bemoved freely.

The operation of my machine is substan tially the same as that of theYoung and Fowler machines above referred to-that is, before starting anaddition all the bars are moved to the right, so as to take the positionshown in Fig. l. Then if, for instance, two hundred and fifty-four is tobe added to one hundred and thirty-seven the three lowermost bars D willbe shifted until 137 shows in the openings A2. To do this, the operatorputs his finger upon that knob D of the third bar D which is in registrywith the numeral l of the adjacent guide-bar A and shifts thisslide-barD to the left until the knob on which his finger rests passesunder the edge of the plate B. The numeral l will then appear in theopeningA2. Similarly the two lowermost bars are shifted to make themshow the numerals 3 and 7, respectively, in the corresponding openingsA2. To add two hundred and fty-four, the operator then places his ngeron that knob D of the third (or hundreds) bar D which is below thenumeral 2 0f the adjacent guide-bar A and shifts the bar to the leftuntil such knob passes under the edge of the plate B. The third bar Dwill then exhibitthe numeral 3 in the opening A2. In the same manner thesecond bar D is moved five spaces to the left, causing the numeral 8 toappearin the opening A2. Finally the bottom bar D is shifted. Nowinstead of moving it to the left, as before, it is moved to the rightwith the operators finger on the knob below the numeral 4 of theadjacent guide-bar A until said knob passes under the edge of the plate5. The bottom bar will then show the numeral l in the opening A2.Whenever in adding one of the bars D is moved to the right, the next barabove must be moved to the left by one space. Therefore in the caseabove mentioned the second bar would receive an additional movement of lto the left, making the total appearl as 391. Whenever in adding theoperator has to place his finger on one of the knobs of the left half ofthe slide-bar, he shifts this bar to the left. If, however, the knob ison the right half of the slide-bar, he shifts the bar to the right andcarries one -that is, he gives the next bar above a movement of onespace to As the two halves of each slide-bar are clearly distinguished,the operator can readily tell if he must move the slide to the left orto the right. It will be seen that the several columns may be added inany desired succession, and if the units are added first ,Y the tens maybe carried at once whenever the units-bar is moved to the right, or thefigures to be carried may be noted down upon asheet of paper and addedat one time to the number of hundreds. Thus if in a long addition theunits-column foots up to 91 instead of moving the tens-bar nine times tothe left by one space said bar would be moved just once nine spaces tothe left to carry the nine tens.

The machine is also adapted for use in subesaeeo traction and forperforming operations in which some numbers are to be subtracted andothers added, as well as for multiplication and division.

The result shows on the front face of the machine and is thereforeplainly visible without turning the machine upside down, While it is soclearly separated from the numerals on the stationary bars A' thatconfusion is impossible. The stop-bar or lock-bar E enables theoperator, if interrupted in the calculation, to lock the slides Dagainst accidental displacement, so that he may resume the operationwhere he left off. The various means for distinguishing the slide-barsand series of stationary numbers from each other reduces the chances ofmistakes and enables greater speed to be obtained. The lock-bar E may becombined with a spring or catch to normally hold it down. Instead ofusing three or more colors for the projections or knobs D they maysimply be made altern'ately black and white.

The machine is readily set to zero by merely tipping it on end to theright, so that all the bars D will slide down to the proper position.The knobs D aiforda much superior means for moving the slide-bars D tothe stylus generally employed in such machines in connection with holesin the bars. lt will be seen by reference to Figs. l and 2 that-thecentral portion of each guide-barA if, depressed relatively to the endportions. By this construction the central o`r exposed portions of theguide-bars can be made Hush with the slide-bars, so that the latter canbe moved readily.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patentl. A calculating-machine, comprising a frame having aseries of stationary guides each provided with consecutive numerals onits upper face, bars mounted to slide between said guides and eachprovided with consecutive numerals, and with projections on its upperface, and a stop pivotally attached to the frame and adapted to be swunginto the path of said projections to lock the slide-bars.

2. A calculating machine, comprising a frame having a series of spacedstationary guides provided with cut-out portions or apertures atVcorresponding points, and each having consecutive numerals on its upperface,- and a series of bars arranged to slide between said guides andeach provided with consecutive numerals on its front face, said numeralsbeing adapted to show through the open-y ings of the guides.

3. A calculating machine, comprising a' frame having a series of spacedstationary guides having depressed central portions and provided withopenings at corresponding points of said depressed central portions,eachof said guides bearing consecutive numerals on its upper face, and aseries of bars arranged to slide between said guides and proijectngupwardly at least to the level of the central depressed portions of theguides, each of said slide-bars bearing upon its front face a series ofconsecutive numerals adapted t-o show individually through the openingsof the guides.

4. A calculating machine, comprising a frame having a series of spacedstationary guides each bearing consecutive numerals, a series ofnumeral-bearing bars arranged to slide between said guides and eachprovided on its upper surface with a series of projections spaced thesame distance apart as the numerals, and a stop-bar pivoted to the frameand adapted to be swung into the path of I5 said projections to lock theslide-bars.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

CLARENCE E. LocKE.

Witnesses:

N. E. HANGEN, H. O. HANGEN.

